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云南怒江：健康教育“背包队”进村开展服务******

　　李寿华　李春珍　农民日报·中国农网记者　郜晋亮

　　图为“背包队”队员为群众送上温热的“大锅药”。

　　疫情防控进入新阶段，新冠感染者数量进入快速增长期。特别是伴随着元旦、春节临近，迎来大规模返乡潮，做好农村山寨、搬迁社区的疫情防控和健康服务工作成为重点。

　　为此，云南省怒江州选派1261名干部组建“保健康、防重症”健康教育“背包队”，12月20日起，深入全州各地，全面开展疫情防治政策、疫情科学防治措施、日常防护知识等宣讲教育服务，为群众答疑解惑。

　　在福贡县匹河怒族乡棉谷村党群活动室，村民向队员们提出一些疑问，队员们一一回答。“现在，村里有些人感冒发烧，我们心里也害怕，不知道怎么防护、防治。听了他们的讲解，我们心里就有底了。”村民普三林说。

　　在泸水市洛本卓白族乡，连日来，“背包队”的队员们一直行走在当地各乡镇、村组、社区，为群众送去健康培训和服务。

　　“没有发烧症状就不用吃药，这一点大家要记住了。病得不重，可以在家治疗，口服药物，若出现高热不退、呼吸困难的情况，就赶紧去医院治疗。”这是“背包队”队员袁嘉在宣讲中跟村民说得最多的一句话。

　　袁嘉告诉记者：“我们培训的主要内容是防护知识、‘阳’后的医疗知识、日常消毒和疫苗接种宣传教育。”通过开展健康教育宣讲培训，提升乡镇、村、社区健康管理人员水平，再通过他们将防控知识覆盖到每一位群众。

　　农村是疫情防控的薄弱点，大部分村民健康防疫知识薄弱、防范意识较差，群体感染风险大。据了解，怒江州至今仍有部分符合接种条件的60岁以上老人未接种新冠疫苗。加快推进老年人新冠疫苗接种，做到应接尽接也是此次健康教育“背包队”的一项重点任务。

　　洛本卓白族乡色德村健康教育“背包队”队长和光才经过培训后，便带着队员入组入户，以院坝会、火塘会的方式，用民族语言向村民普及健康防疫知识，动员没有接种疫苗的老人及时打疫苗。

　　除了宣讲培训、动员接种疫苗，每到一个村寨、社区，“背包队”都会带上预防新冠感染的中药，免费熬制“大锅药”发放给群众，为群众送去温暖和健康。

　　“我们非常感谢‘背包队’的到来，一定会防护好自己，保护好自己的健康。”洛本卓白族乡托拖村村民哈目科一边喝着热气腾腾的中药，一边认真聆听着工作队员给大家讲解健康防疫知识。

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）